Gestational Diabetes and Nutrition During Pregnancy

Gestational diabetes (GDM) is a condition where blood sugar levels rise above normal during pregnancy. It is detected by the glucose tolerance test (OGTT) performed between weeks 24-28. Don't be frightened by the diagnosis — with proper nutrition and monitoring, this process can be managed very well.

Risk factors include being over 35, family history of diabetes, being overweight, previous pregnancy with GDM, and polycystic ovary syndrome. While GDM requires careful monitoring, achieving good outcomes for both you and your baby is possible by working together with your doctor.

Nutrition principles: Choosing complex carbohydrates like whole grains, bulgur, and oats instead of simple carbohydrates like white bread, rice, sugar, and fruit juice can help balance blood sugar. Having protein and fiber with carbohydrates at every meal is a good strategy. A plan of 3 main meals and 2-3 snacks per day can be beneficial.

Portion control is important. Limiting fruit to 1 portion per meal (like 1 medium apple) and taking a short walk 15-30 minutes after meals can help blood sugar balance. Monitoring blood sugar at your doctor's recommended frequency keeps you safe.